Arthroplasty
Arthroplasty is an orthopedic surgical procedure where the articular surface of a musculoskeletal joint is replaced, remodelled, or realigned by osteotomy or some other procedure. It is an elective procedure that is done to relieve pain and restore function to the joint after damage by arthritis or some other type of trauma. Arthroplasty may be used when medical treatments no longer effectively relieve joint pain and disability. Some medical treatments for osteoarthritis that may be used before arthroplasty include:
- Anti-inflammatory medicines
- Pain medicines
- Cortisone injections into a knee joint
- Physical therapy
- Assistive devices for walking (such as a cane)
- Exercise
- Viscosupplementation injections (to add lubrication
into the joint to make joint movement less painful) - Limiting painful activities
- Weight loss (for obese people)
Joint replacement surgery can be done in any arthritic joints. Common joints in which arthroplasty done are hip, knee, elbow, ankle and shoulder. THR and TKR are the mostly done arthroplasty surgery. Indications are
- post traumatic arthritis
- Primary osteoarthritis
- Post inflammatory arthritis
- Following tumor
- Secondary arthritis due to any other cause
IN THR hip joint is replaced with metallic implant. Here both cup and ball is replaced
Similarly In TKR knee joint is replaced on both sides with metallic implant.in TKR both sides can be done together or done in staged manner one side at a time followed by other side
